Volcanoes: explosive eruptions
Volcanoes: explosive eruptions, climatic effects, hot spots and plumes.
On Monday, January 27th, University of Cyprus: conference specialized in English, given by the vulcanologist Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff, University professor of Cergy-Pontoise and of Paris-Sud Orsay.
Explosive “grey” eruptions are the most dangerous of all volcanic manifestations. Eruptive column consists of hot fluid made of vaporized water (magmatic or phreatic), magmatic gas (CO2, sulphur, chlorine, fluorine) and ash, resulting of pulverized rock and/or magma. Such column could ascent above tropopause, a major limit at altitude of 12 km, and then injects materials into the stratosphere up to 50 km high.
Most important explosive eruptions result in calderas, linked to a huge magma chamber that could evolve during several 100 000s years.
A super eruption, such as at Yellowstone 630 000 years ago that emitted 1000 km3 of ash and pumice, has had climatic effects. Major prehistoric eruptions could have involved a volcanic winter and some scientists think that dinosaurs could have disappeared.
Large Igneous Provinces (LIP) such as trapps (Continental Flood Basalts, CFB, i.e. Deccan in India) were linked to huge hot spots of deep origin.
Information: 22894305
RSVP: 22894320
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University of Cyprus
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Free
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